Solar Inverter is an indispensable device used in any solar power system utilizing sunlight or solar energy. A solar inverter is useful in changing the DC (Direct Current) into AC (Alternating Current) using solar power. In other words, the solar inverter is used to change the variable Direct Current (DC) output of the solar products into Alternating Current (AC). And this AC power is pushed into your home to operate your appliances, be it a bulb, fan, or home system.
A solar inverter is just an inverter operated using energy from the sun, which helps several devices working by DC power to run them on AC power. In this way, the consumers can use AC power to operate their required piece of equipment. One can ask why to use Solar Inverter instead of using a normal electric one. The answer is simple - solar inverter makes use of solar energy or sunlight, which is clean and pollution-free.
Usage of DC current and AC current as per Application Areas
• Direct Current electricity from the solar inverter is used to operate LED light, a cell phone charger, Bluetooth speaker and many more small devices that require less power consumption.
• Alternating Current power from solar inverter is utilized for running your big appliances such as TV, refrigerator, and microwave, which require heavy power to run properly.
Advantages of Using Solar Inverter
• Helps in diminishing the impact of unnatural weather change as it works through sunlight
• Help in retaining ecological balance, and decreases the greenhouse effect
• Helps you to save money or electricity cost in the long run
• Known as a reliable and consistent source of energy that can change direct current (DC ) into alternating current (AC)
• Acts as multifunctional electronic device that uses to convert direct current into alternating current to help large energy consumers
• Beneficial for cost-efficiency, easy installation as compared to generators
• Easy to maintain as it works fine even with regular maintenance
Types of Solar Inverter
There are diverse arrays of Solar Inverters available in the market. Some of them are listed below.
1. Grid Tie Inverter or On-Grid Solar Inverter
Grid Tie Inverter or On-Grid Inverter is a type of solar inverter connected to the grid by using solar energy. It produces a pure sine wave that is compatible with the AC waveform produced by the grid. Grid Tie inverter is designed and developed in such a way to automatically turn itself off during the time of power losses to ensure safety or security. For this reason, this particular inverter is unable to provide emergency power during such times (when power not exists).
Grid Tie Inverter is also known as PV inverter that allows consumers to drive any unused or surplus solar energy, which your system has generated back into the grid. And consumers can or cannot receive a feed-in tariff for this electricity (depends on users’ electricity provider, and area of residence).
On-Grid Solar Inverter generally requires its arrangement to be installed with anti-islanding protection. Islanding is a kind of procedure where Grid Tie inverter are deceived and utility grid still functioning even if it has been turned off. It happens due to load circuits produces in the electrical system. When it comes to the cost of such a product, on-grid solar inverter price is varied from one brand to another, based on its capacity.
It is recommended to use Grid Tie solar inverter for home purposes, which can be powered by a utility grid to use a grid tie inverter in their solar system. Moreover this is highly beneficial for the consumers when it comes to electricity saving.
2. Hybrid Solar Inverter
Hybrid Solar Inverter performs the same function as a normal inverter does. It is another kind of inverter, which converts DC electricity into AC electricity that your home can use. It also can use in charging and discharging your solar battery bank.
A hybrid inverter with solar battery charging is a cost-effective solution and convenient to install as compared to other types of inverters (a standard string and battery inverter). The majority of hybrid inverters are installed without batteries, which provide you the flexibility to retrofit a solar battery in the future when required. Hybrid Inverter is known as a multi-mode inverter because it can use to plug batteries into your solar power system, and interfaces the battery by using a technique called DC coupling. People can purchase it as per their requirement as Hybrid Solar Inverter price is reasonable in India, irrespective of its size and volume.
3. Off-Grid Solar Inverter
Off-Grid Inverter is one of the categories of solar inverter, responsible for the conversion of DC (generates by the system’s panels) into AC electricity to use varied home appliances, and commercial equipment. Off-Grid Solar Inverter can transfer excess solar electricity into the grid for consumer’s future use. And, for this reason, Off-Grid inverter is used especially in remote areas, where the house owner can separate it from the grid as per his requirement.
The utmost benefit of using Off-Grid inverter solar system gives your home greater energy independence that means your home is no longer at risk to power disruption caused by the grid or electric tower. Off-Grid Solar Inverter comes with a built-in AC charger alternative, which is also beneficial for users by allowing them to connect it with a backup generator and charge any battery.
The solar power system is a complete setup ideal for home and commercial places, which helps in producing electricity by utilizing solar energy (sunlight). A solar power system is made up of solar panel (which absorbs sunlight), inverter (which converts DC electricity into AC), mounting structure (which holds the panels in place), batteries (helps to store the extra power generated), grid box and balance of systems (wires, nuts).
In other words, a solar power system is composed of numerous photovoltaic (PV) panels, inverter (a Dc to AC power converter), and a rack system that holds the PV panels in place (solar PV panels on the roofs of homes and businesses generate clean electricity by converting the energy in sunlight). Solar power system comes in 1 kW, 3kW, 5kW, 10kW, and several other capacities. It is a good choice for those who want to reduce their electric bills and their carbon footprint.
As the prices of electricity are rising, people across the world looking for renewable energy sources for their power, or electricity needs. Solar energy has now become a popular renewable energy source because of its cost-effective price and improving efficacies. And for this reason, the solar system for home has stepped forward in the market with its great features.
On-Grid Solar System
The on-grid solar system or Grid-tied solar system is a kind of solar system that generates current only when the utility power grid is available. In other words, the on-grid system is a solar system that generally works with the grid. Saving the electricity bill is the prime purpose of installing an on-grid solar system.
The on-grid solar power system consists of Solar Photovoltaic modules / Panels, DC-AC grid-tied solar Inverter and Installation Kit (includes mounting structures, ACDB, DCDB, A.C, D.C wire, Connectors, lighting arrestor, earthling cables).
The foremost benefit of installing an on-grid solar system for home is a cost-effective solution, which helps to pay for such systems by offsetting utility bills in 3-8 yrs. In addition to this, there are some other advantages of the on-grid solar system, including:
• Zero electricity bills (consumer has to pay only for the surplus electricity he consumes because the solar power system is connected to the grid only).
• Easy maintenance (on-grid solar power system has the least number of parts along with simple installation or fitting).
• Passive income generation (with connection to the grid, the consumer can charge for the surplus electricity he has generated, which is not only beneficial in reducing your electricity bills but also helps to avail the cost benefits for the excess electricity generated).
• Provides you with at least 5 years' payback time and free electricity for the next 20 years.
Moreover, the on-grid solar system is simple enough that anyone can install it by himself. The on-grid solar system price is affordable that anyone can purchase it by investing at pocket-friendly prices.
Off-Grid Solar System
The off-grid solar system is a popular type of solar power system with backup, which works both day and night. During the day time, solar panel charges the battery to run the home appliances with the use of DC, and at night or cloudy weather days when the sunlight is not available, inverter runs your home appliances (Air Conditioners, Cooler, Television and submersible pump, etc.) using the battery power or AC current.
The off-grid solar system allows you to store your solar power in batteries for future use, especially when the power grid goes down or if you are not on the grid. Hybrid systems are capable of providing power to balance the grid power whenever the sun shines, which enable to send excess power to the grid for later use.
The utmost benefit of using an off-grid solar system is to provide power for your critical loads when the power grid becomes down. An off-grid system is more prevalent that comes with a power backup and works independently of the grid.
Benefits of using off-grid solar system:
• Works as a self-sustainable system that can work independently and not depending on the grid
• Helps in avoiding power outages, which may occur without any warning
• Helps in generating enough power that can be stored and used at night or when the power grid is down
• Reduces electricity costs (fossil fuels are still the world's primary energy source)
• Easier installation facilities
• Best alternative for remote areas where there is no power access from the grid
• Keeps the environment clean and green
Hybrid Solar System
The hybrid solar system is another type of solar power system that generates power or electricity supply in the same way as the common grid-tie solar system does. The only difference of a hybrid solar system is that such a system uses batteries to store energy for later usage. A hybrid solar system can operate as backup power, and it is possible because of the ability to use the maximum amount of stored energy (uses this energy during a blackout which is similar to a UPS system).
The term ‘hybrid solar system’ refers to a combination of battery storage and solar systems in which the off-grid system is connected to the electricity grid. Hybrid solar system is classified into three types such as All-in-one Hybrid Inverter (which contains a battery inverter/charger and solar inverter together with clever controls), All-in-one Inverter with no Back-up (works like a grid feed solar inverter which enables storage of solar energy in the battery system for the self-use), and All-in-one Inverter with Back-up (used as both an on-grid or off-grid inverter, which has a great backup capability).
Advantages of hybrid solar system:
• Allows consumers to store excess solar power or low cost (off-peak) electricity
• Allows using of solar energy during the evening times (known as self-use or load-shifting)
• Facilitates with backup power capability that helps to provide power during a blackout or grid outage like a UPS function
• Enables advanced management of electricity power and energy independence
• Reduces the power consumption from the grid
Solar Accessories
Solar accessories are important for all your small and large-scale power generation requirements. The main accessories used in solar power system installation are Batteries, Solar Charge Controllers, Off-Grid Solar Panels, and Solar Battery Enclosures.
Solar batteries: Solar batteries for home energy systems are made using lithium-ion batteries (lighter and more compact than lead-acid batteries) rather than lead-acid, and saltwater. Lead-acid batteries are used in off-grid energy systems that have a relatively short life, and lower DoD than other battery types. Saltwater batteries (newcomer in the home energy storage industry) don’t contain heavy metals as compared to other home energy storage options. Solar batteries are considered the best in terms of battery capacity & power ratings, depth of discharge (DoD), round-trip efficiency, warranty, and finest manufacturing facilities.
Solar charge controllers: Solar charge controllers are a voltage regulator to keep batteries from overcharging and also regulates the current coming from the solar panels going to the battery. A solar charge controller is categorized into two different technologies, PWM and MPPT. An MPPT charge controller is more expensive than a PWM charge controller but worth buying it even if expending more money.
Off-grid solar panels: This particular solar panel consists of a battery, charge controller, grid box, inverter, mounting structure, and balance of systems. Off-grid solar panels can store enough sunlight during the day, and use the excess power generated in the night.
Solar battery enclosures: Solar battery enclosures are used to keep your batteries safe from weather, and safe from theft. It is attributed with feature locking mechanisms that protect unauthorized people against possible electrical dangers if they happen to be tampering with your equipment. Battery enclosures for solar systems are pole-mounted or ground-mounted and suitable for indoor and outdoor applications.
What does mean by Off-Grid Solar Power System?
Off-Grid Solar System is a type of solar power system run by generating electricity from solar panels and using it to charge a solar battery through a charging controller. That electricity is then adapted using an inverter, which helps to power the home appliances or business’ equipment. The off-grid solar system is not connected in any way to your grid’s power system, hence, providing 100% self-sustaining energy for your usage.
Off-grid solar power systems (entirely self-sustaining) allow you to store and save your solar power or natural energy in batteries for future use, especially when the power grid goes down. The foremost advantage of using the off-grid solar system for home is to run household applications with solar energy during night or anytime when there is less sun exposure and only by saving the electricity in a solar battery.
The solar power system is also known as a stand-alone power system and acknowledged in the market due to several reasons like cheapest price than extending power lines in certain remote areas, 100% independence from electricity retailers, and 100% insured against rising energy prices.
On the other hand, the off-grid solar system for home uses as an appropriate alternative in the remote areas where the grid is unavailable for power supply. SolarClue is an online platform where people can buy a solar power system (Off-grid) on different brands like Supreme, V-Guard, Varistor Solar, and Luminous. The solar system price is varied from one brand to another available with SolarClue.
Components of an Off-Grid Solar Power System
Total of five components used in off-grid solar power system, which are as follows:
Solar Panel – It is one of the important elements of the off-grid solar power system. The solar panel operates based on by depending on the amount of available sunlight in the region, the usable space of roof, and energy consumption needs.
Solar Battery – It is another component of the off-grid solar system and useful to allow the home to continue to run after the sun goes down. Solar battery or solar storage device is responsible for charging the home appliances throughout the day as solar panels generate excess electricity. This is capable of storing solar power for later use of running the household appliances.
Solar Inverter - Solar power system prerequisites a solar inverter to convert the direct current (DC) collected by the solar panel into the alternating current (AC) that enables to run the household appliances and electronics. A stand-alone inverter is an ideal option for off-grid system use. Solar inverters are referred to as a solar converter or a PV inverter.
Solar Charge Controller - The solar charge controller is necessary to save battery backup for operating the different household electronic products. The controller is used in regulating the voltage that solar battery receives, to prevent overcharging, and any damage.
Off-Grid Generator System - It is considered an alternative source of energy as a backup of the system. This is the main requirement during the pick winters when solar production is at its lowest. Off-grid generator systems are also useful to power a home’s electricity needs.
Advantages of Off-Grid Solar System
• Easy installation and helps in keeping the environment clean and green
• Works independently and does not rely on the grid as power outages can occur without any warning
• Facilitates in generating enough power that can be stored and used at night or when the power grid is down
• Useful for remote areas where there is no power access from the grid
• Grid failures and shutdowns do not affect your power supply
• Helps in reducing electricity costs
Application Areas of Off-grid Solar Power Systems
Rural and remote areas - Off-grid solar system offers electricity supply in rural and remote areas with the facilities of long-term and sustainable power generation.
In areas with frequent electricity cuts – Off-grid system provides power back up facilities to those areas, which are facing frequent power cuts due to power transmission malfunctions.
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How Rooftop Solar System or
Solar Panel for Rooftop Works: On-Grid, Off-Grid, and Hybrid Systems
All solar
rooftops power systems/rooftop solar system for home, whether it is an on-grid
solar system or an off-grid solar system, all work on the same basic
principles. There are mainly three types of solar power systems, like, On-Grid,
Off-Grid, and Hybrid, available in the market at affordable cost or industry
leading prices.
1. On-Grid
System: - The on-grid solar systems have two modes of operation; one is Surplus
Solar Exports and another one is switchboard Exports. On-grid solar power
system or grid-tie solar system for home is widely used by homes and
businesses. On-grid solar system for home is connected to the public
electricity grid, and in any case, the excess solar power that you generate is
exported to the electricity grid, as a result, you usually get paid a
feed-in-tariff (FiT) for the energy you export. The on-grid rooftop solar power
systems do not need batteries, and they use either solar inverters or
micro-inverters instead.
2. Off-Grid
System: - Off-grid solar system for home or Off-Grid Solar rooftop system is
not connected to the electricity grid, and for this reason, it requires solar battery
storage. An off-grid solar power system is designed appropriately to generate
enough power throughout the year, and it has enough battery capacity (solar
power system with battery) to meet the home’s requirements, even in the depths
of winter when there is generally less sunlight available. It consists of a
high cost of batteries and best off-grid solar inverters, and they are much
more expensive than on-grid systems and usually used in more remote areas as
they far from the electricity grid.
3. Hybrid
System: - Hybrid solar power systems are now available in many different forms
and configurations, and they combine both solar and solar cell storage in one.
Hybrid solar systems are already connected to the electricity grid (being able
to store solar energy that is generated during the day and using it at night)
that can start taking advantage of battery storage, and it is possible due to
the decreasing cost of battery storage. Furthermore, a hybrid solar power
system kit is also able to charge the batteries using cheap off-peak
electricity (usually after midnight to 6 am).
Now a question
arises how a rooftop solar panel works? At first, solar panels convert solar
energy or sunlight into DC power using the photovoltaic (PV) effect, and then
after the DC power can store in a battery or converted by a solar inverter into
AC power, thus it can be used to run your home appliances. Further, the excess
solar energy depending on the type of system can either be fed into the electricity
grid for credits, or stored in a variety of different battery storage systems.
Components of Rooftop Solar
Power Plant or Home Solar System Kit
Solar power
system accessories or components of solar power systems are divided into
several categories, and some of the main mechanisms include:
·
Solar Batteries or Solar Panel
& Battery Kit or Solar Power System with Battery
·
Electricity Switchboard
·
Solar Panels such as on-grid
solar panels, solar panels off-grid system/of grid solar panels and rooftop
solar panel (monocrystalline solar panel, polycrystalline solar panel)
·
Solar Inverters such as on-grid
solar inverter, off grid solar inverter, and on grid hybrid solar inverter